Traumatic brain injury (TBI) is defined as a disruption of the normal function of the brain, this can be caused by a blow to the head or a penetrating head injury.
Traumatic brain injury symptoms may include psychological, or physical effects. Symptoms may include:
- loss of consciousness
- being dazed, confused, disoriented
- headache
- nausea or vomiting
- dizziness
- blurred vision
- tinnitus, ear ringing
- memory, concentration deficits
Some signs or symptoms may appear immediately after the traumatic event, others may appear days or weeks later.
Collisions involving cars, motorcycles, falls are common causes of traumatic brain injury. Some people with traumatic brain injury may develop post traumatic epilepsy.
The Mayo Clinic confirms that traumatic brain injury may cause cranial nerve damage, which may result in:
- Paralysis of facial muscles or losing sensation in the face
- Loss of or altered sense of smell
- Loss of or altered sense of taste
- Loss of vision or double vision
- Swallowing problems
- Dizziness
- Ringing in the ear
- Hearing loss
Traumatic brain injury can result in problems with many skills, including:
Cognitive problems
- Memory
- Learning
- Reasoning
- Judgment
- Attention or concentration
Executive functioning problems
- Problem-solving
- Multitasking
- Organization
Planning - Decision-making
Beginning or completing tasks
Emotional consequences may include:
- Depression
- Anxiety
- Mood Swings
- Irritability
- Lack of empathy for others
- Anger
- Insomnia
Sources:
https://www.cdc.gov/traumaticbraininjury/index.html
https://www.mayoclinic.org/diseases-conditions/traumatic-brain-injury/symptoms-causes/syc-20378557